"PLACER GOLD ASSAY"
IS DETERMINED BY THE WEIGHT OF GOLD
CONTAINED IN ONE CUBIC YARD OF DIRT,
SAND, OR GRAVEL.
PLACER MINING ENDED IN THE HILL'S IN
1879-1880 WHEN THE STREAM'S WERE MINED OUT.
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THE PASSAGE OR CHANNEL FOR THE WATER
THAT DRIVES A MILL-WHEEL.
A ARTIFICAL CHANNEL
FOR GOLD - WASHING.
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"FLUME"
IS A PROCESS TO REMOVE "GOLD" FROM PLACER SAND.
KEYSTONE HAD TWO FLUMES, THE GRIZZLY CREEK FLUME STARTED AT A DAM LOCATED NEAR THE PRESENT DAY "HELICOPTER PAD", WHERE IT CROSSED THE VALLEY ABOVE THE CURRENT "POST OFFICE".
THE FLUME WAS SUPPORTED BY A TRESTLE 700-800 FEET LONG AND 200 FEET HIGH.
THE FLUME WATER WAS USED TO WORK THE "MITCHELL BAR MINE", 200 FEET ABOVE BATTLE CREEK, A SHORT DISTANCE DOWN STEAM FROM THE PRESENT DAY "BIG THUNDER GOLD MINE".
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"KEYSTONE'S SECOND FLUME"
THIS FLUME STARTED NEAR THE BULLION MINE AND RAN FOUR MILES DOWN STREAM TO HARNEY CAMP, FIVE MILES OF DITCHES WERE ADDED TO EXTEND THE FLUME TO PLACERS BELOW HAYWARD.
ALONG WITH REMOVING GOLD, THE WATER FROM THIS FLUME ALSO LED TO THE DISCOVERY OF RUSHMORE CAVE.
THE CAVE WAS DISCOVERED WHEN A MINER NOTICED A SUDDEN LOSS OF FLUME WATER AS THE DITCH PASSED OVER THE POROUS LIMESTONE CEILING OF THE CAVE.
RUSHMORE CAVE WAS EXPLORED IN THE 1920'S AND WAS OPENED AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION IN 1927.
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DISCOVERED IN 1877, LOCATED 450 FEET NORTHWEST OF THE KEYSTONE MINE.
THE KEYSTONE MINE AND HOLY TERROR MINES WHERE ADJACENT TO ANOTHER, AS YOU DRIVE OUT OF KEYSTONE TOWARD RUSHMORE CAVE, ABOUT 1,500 FEET NORTH OF THE BIG THUNDER MINE, THE ROAD PASSES OVER THE TUNNEL THAT CONNECTS THE BULLION AND THE COLUMBIA MINE.
THE TUNNEL IS ABOUT 300 FEET BELOW THE ROAD SURFACE.
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" HONEY BEE "
SOUTH DAKOTA'S
STATE INSECT.
HONEY IS THE ONLY FOOD
THAT WILL NOT SPOIL.
FOUND IN EGYPTIAN TOMBS
AND TASTED BY
ARCHAEOLOGISTS AND
FOUND EDIBLE.
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